tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-73491732011-04-21T17:54:16.856-07:00The confrontation between the west and extremist Islam defines the major religious and political problem of this century. The tragedy of 911 and its aftermath brought home these religious tensions in the world. How to address these tensions? The information below attempts to lay out a framework for building bridges between antagonists. Faustus and FrankenKittynoreply@blogger.comBlogger11100tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7349173.post-1087519731747727272004-08-15T10:54:00.000-07:002006-10-10T01:56:30.410-07:00To send comments, suggest links or to report errors, write:<br /><a href="mailto:patriotgadfly@yahoo.com">me</a><br /><br />Click on a link below to arrive at that section... <br /><br /><strong>| <a href="#recent">Recent Documents </a>| <a href="#historical">Historical Background </a>| <a href="#ideas">History of Ideas</a> | <a href="#emerson">Emerson</a> | <a href="#kierkegaard">Kierkegaard</a> | <a href="#ebadi">Ebadi</a> | <a href="#cupitt">Don Cupitt</a> | <a href="#public">The Public</a> | <a href="#voices">Feminine Voices</a> | <a href="#other">Other Voices</a> | <a href="#academic">Academic</a> | <a href="#journals">Journals</a> | </strong><br /><br /><em>Subsections</em><br /><br /><strong>| <a href="#ancient">Ancient [History] </a>| <a href="#european">European </a>| <a href="#us">The United States</a>| <a href="#islam">Islam</a> | <a href="#tafsir">Koranic Exegesis (tafsir)</a> | <a href="#philosophy">Islamic Philosophy</a> | <a href="#xtian">Christian Fundamentalism</a> | <a href="#colonial">Background to Mideast Colonialism</a> | <a href="#dialog">Interfaith Dialogue</a> | <a href="#links">Links</a> | <a href="#special">Special Topics</a> | <a href="#political">Political</a> | </strong><br />______________________________________________<br /><br /><strong>Introduction</strong><br /><br />Identifying the pathways that religion might take in the future calls for prophecy. This course will attempt not prophecy but a rational search for certain trajectories that religion in the modern world has traced. In time and space, we must face where and when we are. Starting from America and after such a defining moment as 911, we will follow the trajectory as it bends its way through the centuries and space. <br /><br />After 9/11, two of the world’s great cultural centers appear to be in conflict--specifically, extremist Islam and the western countries. This conflict gives the appearance of being about religion. That is, the extremist Islamists say that it is about a Christian-inspired crusade meant to usurp and rob Moslems of their precious spiritual heritage and culture. From the western perspective, there is the perception that an extremist form of religious fanaticism has arisen to oppose rights and values that form the core of western secular civilization; rights and values, it is believed, that all peoples everywhere share and wish to have were they to have the chance.<br /><br />Religion is an important part of many societies around the world; religion offers adherents a way of acting morally, attaining authentic selves, and honoring and respecting powers that transcend human power. Traditional religion in the western nations has been in decline for a century or more. In its place has arisen secularism. Some religious thinkers in the west have seen secularism as the result of spiritual decline rather than advance. We have read three: Emerson, Kierkegaard, and Weil. For all three of these thinkers, the individual seems to be at the focus of their concerns. In many ways, they see a de-emphasis and degradation of the human image in favor of an overall social conformism which values mass consumption, experiential fragmentation, and legalistic talk of rights over individual responsibility, justice, and compassion.<br /><br />In the Middle Eastern context, after a hundred years of colonialism by the western powers, an extreme form of Islam has arisen to take back the cultural and religious identity that they believe western exploitation has robbed them of. In their colonialist exploitation of this region, the western powers have arbitrarily created nation states, deposed and imposed political leaders, fomented wars between factions, and imported western style political and social ideas in an attempt to implement them. The result has been an ever-growing anomie and resentment in the Middle East against this exploitation. Islamic religious thinkers have attempted to combat this situation by returning to the sources of Islam and trying to use that framework to analyze, critique, and develop solutions.<br /><br />It appears that religious thinkers from the west and the Middle East diagnose similar problems and present cures. The diagnoses appear to correlate, although the solutions do not. These authors believe that the ills they have identified have various social, political, and religious symptoms. Yet, their solutions to this state of affairs differ in dramatic ways.<br /><br />In many ways, we will hear the voice of the divine as it speaks from those in the wilderness--Emerson in backward colonial America, Kierkegaard on the fringes of northern Europe, Weil a secular Jew coming to religion through Marxism, Sayid Qutb in an Egyptian jail, and Albert Camus the european stranger born in Arabic Morocco. <br /><br />These voices are prophetic in their critique of modern culture and religion. Although from different socio-cultural backgrounds, they share many of the same criticisms of the modern, western world. From economic alienation, to psychological anomie, to religious nihilism, they share a view of the emptiness of modern values and attempt to bring to life the individual conscience and the need for revisioning on God. <br /><br />What they do not share is a statement of solutions. Emerson chose to attempt a vision of the unity of all religions, Kierkegaard stressed the individual and his/her relationship with a transcendent God, Weil moved towards a saintly politics with personal awareness of Christ's presence, Qutb a radical (perhaps violent) rejection of all western values and the return to the Quran and Sharia, and Camus spoke of authentic rebellion in an absurd universe (where God is dead) tempered with humanity and love. <br /><br /><a href="mailto:patriotgadfly@yahoo.com">Cynic Librarian</a> <br /><br />----------------------------------------- <br /><a name="recent"><b>Recent Documents</b></a><br /><br /><i>Fundamentalism</i><br /><br /><a href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1541466,00.html">When Not Seeing Is Believing</a> By ANDREW SULLIVAN<br /><a href="http://ncronline.org/NCR_Online/archives2/2004b/050704/050704a.php">Islamic Fundamentalism Feared, Misunderstood</a> By MARGOT PATTERSON<br /><a href="http://ncronline.org/NCR_Online/archives2/2004d/100804/100804a.php">The rise of global fundamentalism</a> By MARGOT PATTERSON<br /><a href="http://www.congregationalist.org/Archivesold/April-June_04/Marty%20Interview/globalization_marty.html">Religion Interconnects, Conflicts on All Fronts</a> Interview with Martin E. Marty<br /><a href="http://www.tikkun.org/magazine/tik0507/article.2005-06-14.4662832066">Religion Interconnects, Conflicts on All Fronts</a> Interview with Martin E. Marty<br /><br /><i>America and Fundamentalism</i><br /><br /><a href="http://www.nae.net/images/civic_responsibility2.pdf#search=%22for%20the%20health%20of%20the%20nations%22">For the Health of the Nation: An Evangelical Call to Civic Responsibility</a><br /><a href="http://www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2006-09-11-religion-survey_x.htm">View of God can predict values, politics</a> By Cathy Lynn Grossman<br /><a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/12/AR2006091201594_pf.html">Bush Tells Group He Sees a 'Third Awakening'</a> By Peter Baker<br /><a href="http://64.233.167.104/search?q=cache:zLTCvMs0snAJ:www.fpri.org/orbis/4901/pocock.americasfoundations.pdf+%22jga+pocock%22+religion+america&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=8">America’s Foundations, Foundationalisms, and Fundamentalisms</a> by J. G. A. Pocock (see the .pdf to download)<br /><a href="http://www.arena.org.au/ARCHIVES/Mag%20Archive/Issue%2083/essay_83.htm">Dangerous Religion</a> by Jim Wallis<br /><a href="http://www.sojo.net/index.cfm?action=magazine.article&mode=printer_friendly&issue=soj0309&article=030910">The Cultural Contradictions of Christian Fundamentalism</a> by Guy Rundle<br /><a href="http://www.getreligion.org/?p=1874">WITH OR WITHOUT PASSION: What's Wrong with Fundamentalism? - Part I</a> by Slavoj Zizek<br /><br /><i>Radical Right Christians</i><br /><br /><a href="http://jdeanicite.typepad.com/i_cite/2006/07/the_growing_thr.html">The Growing Threat of Right-Wing Christians</a> By jodi dean<br /><a href="http://www.prospect.org/web/page.ww?section=root&name=ViewWeb&articleId=11742">Holy War: As the Middle East burns, GOP pols, neocon pundits, and a powerful Christian right leader all sing the same (crazy) tune. </a> By Sarah Posner<br /><a href="http://www.firstthings.com/ftissues/ft0607/articles/douthat.html">Theocracy, Theocracy, Theocracy</a> By Ross Douthat<br /><a href="http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/editorials/2006-07-23-faith-edit_x.htm">Faith and nationalism: Indivisible in America</a> By Michael Medved <br /><a href="http://articles.news.aol.com/news/_a/disowning-conservative-politics-is/20060729195809990004">Disowning Conservative Politics, Evangelical Pastor Rattles Flock</a> by LAURIE GOODSTEIN<br /><a href="http://www.getreligion.org/?p=1773">Putting “theocracy” fears in their place</a> by dpulliam<br /><a href="http://alternet.org/module/printversion/40318">Public Stoning: Not Just for the Taliban Anymore</a> by John Sugg<br /><a href="http://reuters.myway.com/article/20060831/2006-08-31T175305Z_01_L31169813_RTRIDST_0_INTERNATIONAL-MIDEAST-RELIGION-DC.html">Holy Land churches attack Christian Zionism </a> By Matthew Tostevin<br /><a href="http://www.boingboing.net/2006/08/06/david_byrne_on_jesus.html">David Byrne on Jesus Camps: like Madrassas, with less literacy</a> By Xeni Jardin<br /><a href="http://www.thenation.com/doc/20060814/new_christian_zionism">Birth Pangs of a New Christian Zionism</a> By Max Blumenthal<br /><a href="http://www.thenation.com/doc/20060814/new_christian_zionism">Biblical Promise and Threat in U.S. Imperialist Rhetoric Before and After September 11, 2001</a> by Erin Runions<br /><a href="http://www.getreligion.org/?p=1786">Leaving politics aside?</a> by Mollie<br /><br /><i>End Times</i><br /><br /><a href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6097362">Pastor John Hagee on Christian Zionism</a> By NPR<br /><a href="http://www.modbee.com/life/faithvalues/story/12456248p-13175747c.html"> Expediting the end </a> By LOUIS SAHAGUN<br /><a href="http://www.boingboing.net/2006/05/31/left_behind_christia.html">Left Behind Christian sf novels turned into bigoted video-game</a> by Cory Doctorow<br /><a href="http://mediamatters.org/items/200607270001">CNN or CBN? Phillips asks apocalypse authors: "[A]re we living in the last days?"</a> by Media Matters<br /><a href="http://www.rawstory.com/news/2006/Video_Soem_Christians_see_Biblical_endtimes_0725.html">Video: Some Christians see Biblical endtimes in middle east violence</a> by RawStory<br /><br /><i>Israel</i><br /><br /><a href="http://www.danielpipes.org/blog/659">The Bible's Role in American Support for Israel</a> by Daniel Pipes <br /><br /><i>"Islamo-Fascism"</i><br /><br /><a href="http://www.freep.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060702/NEWS07/607020575/1009">In Europe, Islam rises, Christianity falls</a> BY TOM HUNDLEY<br /><a href="http://thinkprogress.org/2006/07/26/kill-em-all/"> Right-Wing ‘Guide to World War III’: ‘Kill ‘Em All, Let Allah Sort ‘Em Out’</a> by Think Progress<br /><a href="http://www.newenglishreview.org/custpage.cfm?frm=3766&sec_id=3766">Islam, Middle East and Fascism</a> by Ibn Warraq<br /><a href="http://www.islamophobia-watch.com/islamophobia-watch/2006/8/22/you-are-now-entering-eurabia.html">You are now entering Eurabia</a> Written by Matt Carr<br /><a href="http://www.islamophobia-watch.com/islamophobia-watch/2006/8/29/more-right-wing-paranoia-from-the-us.html">More right-wing paranoia from the US</a> Written by David J. Jonsson<br /><a href="http://www.chronwatch.com/content/contentDisplay.asp?aid=23291&catcode=13"> Islam vs. Civilization: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights</a> Written by Raymond Kraft<br /><a href="http://www.renewamerica.us/columns/duncan/060815">Islamic terrorism linked to Nazi fascists</a> by Robert Duncan<br /><a href="http://writ.lp.findlaw.com/dean/20060908.html">Why Are We Suddenly At War With "Islamic Fascists"? A Neologism that Signals a Change in Strategy As Elections Near</a> By JOHN W. DEAN<br /><br /><i>Arabs/Moslems/Terrorists</i><br /><br /><a href="http://www.religion.info/english/interviews/article_117.shtml">Globalized Islam - Interview with Olivier Roy</a><br /><a href="http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,19884956-7583,00.html">Faithful consider liberal reforms</a> by Irshad Manji<br /><a href="http://islamisamizdat.blogspot.com/2006/04/duty-to-think-rationally.html"> The Duty to Think Rationally</a> by Shaykh Daoud Sharafuddin Rosser-Owen<br /><a href="http://www.getreligion.org/?p=1762">Please explain the divide?</a> By dpulliam<br /><a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/07/14/AR2005071401030.html?nav=rss_nation">Support for Bin Laden, Violence Down Among Muslims, Poll Says</a> By Robin Wright<br /><a href="http://pewglobal.org/reports/display.php?ReportID=248">Islamic Extremism: Common Concern for Muslim and Western Publics: Support for Terror Wanes Among Muslim Publics</a> By Pew Research Poll<br /><a href="http://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2006/08/13/islamic_radical_groups_are_not_all_alike/">Islamic radical groups are not all alike</a> by LAURA ROZEN<br /><a href="http://www.bitterlemons-international.org/previous.php?opt=1&id=147#604">The Muslim malaise</a> by HAROON SIDDIQUI <br /><a href="http://www.bitterlemons-international.org/previous.php?opt=1&id=147#604">The "new Orientalism"</a> by Alastair Crooke <br /><a href="http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-08-17-roy-en.html">Islamic evangelism: Islam in Europe</a> by Olivier Roy<br /><a href="http://www.lacan.com/zizarchives.htm">A Glance into the Archives of Islam</a> by Slavoj Zizek<br /><a href="http://observer.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,,1868732,00.html">The age of horrorism</a> by Martin Amis<br /><br /><i>Neoconservatism</i><br /><br /><a href="http://www.csmonitor.com/specials/neocon/index.html">Neoconservatives and their Blueprint for US Power</a> by Christian Science Monitor<br /><a href="http://www.newoxfordreview.org/article.jsp?did=1205-editorial">What is a Neoconservative and Does It Matter?</a> by Dale Vree<br /><a href="http://www.amconmag.com/06_30_03/feature.html">Flirting with Fascism: Neocon theorist Michael Ledeen draws more from Italian fascism than from the American Right.</a> By John Laughland<br /><a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Michael_Ledeen">Michael Ledeen</a> By Sourcewatch<br /><br /><i>Christianity-Islam In Dialog?</i><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://www.digitalnpq.org/articles/global/114/09-19-2006/tariq_ramadan">THE POPE AND ISLAM: THE TRUE DEBATE</a> By Tariq Ramadan<br /><a href="http://www.religionnews.com/press02/PR121405.html">NEW STUDY SHOWS CHANGING EVANGELICAL VIEWS ON ISLAM SINCE 9/11</a> by Richard Cimino<br /><a href="http://www.religionnews.com/press02/PR121405.html">Apocalypse now</a> by Azmi Bishara<br /><br /><i>New Developments in Christianity</i><br /><br /><a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/11/AR2006091100459.html">Americans May Be More Religious Than They Realize: Many Without Denomination Have Congregation, Study Finds</a> By Michelle Boorstein <br /><a href="http://www.religionnewsblog.com/15295/Some-Say-20-Million-Participate-In-Emerging-Church-Movement">Some Say 20 Million Participate In Emerging Church Movement</a> by Antonio Mora, Reporting <br /><a href="http://www.religionnewsblog.com/9629">Growing: Movement is new form of evangelism</a> by Tony Campolo<br /><a href="http://www.religionnewsblog.com/10681">Leaders call 'Emerging Church Movement' a threat to Gospel</a> by David Roach, Baptist Press<br /><a href="http://www.getreligion.org/?p=1869">Getting rid of parishioners . . . on purpose</a> by Mollie<br /><br /><i>Atheism</i><br /><br /><a href="http://www.getreligion.org/?p=1874">Newsweek on being an atheist</a> by dpulliam<br /><a href="http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/03/13/opinion/edzizek.php">Atheism is a legacy worth fighting for</a> by Slavoj Zizek<br /><br />----------------<br /><a name="historical"><strong>Historical Background</strong> </a><br /><a name="ancient"><em>Ancient</em> </a><br /><a href="http://perseus.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0168;query=toc;layout=;loc=493c">The Republic</a> by Plato <br /><a name="european"><em>European</em> </a><br /><a href="http://www.ku.edu/carrie/texts/carrie_books/gilbert/index.html">Renaissance and Reformation</a> by William Gilbert <br /><a href="http://www.ku.edu/kansas/medieval/108/lectures/index.html">Lectures in Medieval History</a> by Lynn H. Nelson <br /><a href="http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/eurodocs/medren.html">Medieval &amp; Renaissance Europe: Primary Historical Documents</a> <br /><a href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/modsbook1.html">Internet Modern History Sourcebooh: The Early Modern West</a> <br /><a href="http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/ENLIGHT/ENLIGHT.HTM">The European Enlightenment</a> <br /><a href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/modsbook10.html">Internet Modern History Sourcebooh: The Enlightenment</a> <br /><a href="http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/hum_303/enlightenment.html">The Enlightenment</a> <br /><a href="http://mars.wnec.edu/~grempel/courses/wc2/lectures/enlightenment.html">AGE OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT</a> <br /><a href="http://www.sonoma.edu/history/reason/">AGE OF REASON AND ENLIGHTENMEMT: 1650-1800</a> by Dr. Robert L. Jefferson <br /><a href="http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/txtindex.htm">Karl Marx: Selected Works</a> <br /><br /><a name="us"><em>The United States</em> </a><br />_____________________________________________<br /><a href="http://spider.georgetowncollege.edu/htallant/courses/his338/338links.htm">Research Links for Religion in American History</a> by Dr. Robert L. Jefferson <br /><a href="http://religion.rutgers.edu/vri/america.html">Rutgers University Virtual Religion Index: American Studies</a> <br /><a href="http://www.yale.edu/wje/html/american_religion.html">Yale University's American Religious History -- Resource Links</a> <br /><a href="http://www.wabashcenter.wabash.edu/Internet/america.htm">Wabash Center Religion in the United States and Canada</a> <br /><a href="http://www.wfu.edu/~matthetl/perspectives/five.html">Religion and Revolution</a><br /><a href="http://www.wfu.edu/~matthetl/perspectives/Lectures.html">Religion in America</a><br /><a href="http://www.christianitytoday.com/holidays/memorial/features/33h010.html">The Puzzling Faith of Abraham Lincoln</a><br /><a href="http://courses.smsu.edu/ftm922f/518/WebBib/jayrodenbeck.htm">Enlightenment in America</a><br /><a href="http://members.tripod.com/~greatamericanhistory/gr02004.htm">Lincoln's Faith in God</a><br /><a href="http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/hum_303/enlightenment.html">The Enlightenment</a><br /><a href="http://www.theology.edu/journal/volume2/ushistor.htm">Notes on the Founding Fathers and the Separation of Church and State</a><br /><a href="http://www.usconstitution.net/jeffwall.html">Jefferson's Wall of Separation Letter</a><br /><a href="http://members.tripod.com/~candst/bjcpa1.htm">Critique of David Barton's "America's Godly Heritage"</a><br /><a href="http://www.noapathy.org/tracts/mythofseparation.html">The Myth of<br />the Separation of Church and State</a><br /><br /><a name="islam"><em>Islam</em> </a> <br />_______________________________________________<br /><a href="http://faculty.ucr.edu/~andrew/western/islamic_history.htm">Timeline of Islamic History</a><br /><a href="http://www.uga.edu/islam/countries.html">Islam, the Modern World, and the West</a> by Professor Alan Godlas<br /><a href="http://menic.utexas.edu/menic/Society_and_Culture/Religion_and_Spirituality/Islam/">University of Texas: Islam Religion and Spirituality</a> <br /><a href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/islam/islamsbook.html">Internet Islamic History Sourcebook</a> <br /><a href="http://campus.northpark.edu/history/WebChron/Islam/Islam.html">Islam Chronology</a> <br /><a href="http://www.arches.uga.edu/~godlas/history.html">Islamic History</a> <br /><a href="http://www.arches.uga.edu/~godlas/">Islam, Islamic Studies, Arabic, Religion: Resources for Studying Islam</a><br /><br /><a name="tafsir"><em>Koranic Exegesis (tafsir)</em></a><br />_______________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://syrcom.cua.edu/Hugoye/Vol6No1/HV6N1PRPhenixHorn.html">Review: Die syro-aramaeische Lesart des Koran; Ein Beitrag zur Entschlüsselung der Qur’ānsprache<br /></a>by Robert R. PHENIX Jr. and Cornelia B. HORN<br /><a href="http://www.arches.uga.edu/~godlas/primsourcisl.html">The Qur'an and Qur'anic Interpretation (tafsir)</a><br /><a href="http://www.algonet.se/~pmanzoor/FR-Saving-Text.htm">Damning History but Saving the Text: Fazlur Rahman between Tradition and Modernism</a> by S Parvez Manzoor<br /><a href="http://www.bostonreview.net/BR26.6/elfadl.html">The Place of Tolerance in Islam</a> by Khaled Abou El Fadl On reading the Qur'an—and misreading it.<br /><a href="http://islamlib.com/en/page.php?page=article&id=204">Disclosing the Ambiguous Text</a> By: Sumanto al Qurtuby <br />The prime theological challenge in the recent religious life is: How does someone religious define himself surrounded by another religions. Or in its contemporary theological terms: How to theologize in the religious context.<br /><a href="http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/fr/531762/posts">The Message of Fazlur Rahman</a> by M Yahya Birt<br /><a href="http://islamlib.com/en/page.php?page=article&id=595">Observing the Contemporary Model of Ijma’</a> By: Taufik Adnan Amal<br />The ijma‘ mechanism also open to the possibility of public deliberation and debate, so that various developing point of views individually as well as collectively get the opportunity to be heard by people who eventually will achieve consensus. When the majority decision is achieved, all the member of society – Muslim and non Muslim- must attempt to implement it. The initiator, adherent or whoever agrees with the minority view must accept the majority’s decision and try to implement it as a consensus.<br /><a href="http://islamlib.com/en/page.php?page=article&id=584">The Koran was not Revealed in an Empty Space </a> By: M. Hilaly Basya<br />It is obvious that the Koran was not revealed in an empty space. And it is obvious that the Koran is culturally constructed and historically structured. Hence, if the Koran reading is detached of the cultural element constructing it, it will be alienated and irrelevant. Therefore, we may say that Koranic textual content is not valid in every time and place. The Koran is confined within space and time.<br /><a href="http://islamlib.com/en/page.php?page=article&id=598">Factors behind the Stagnancy of Fikh </a> By: Fajar Kurnianto<br />Fikh is understood as knowledge about sharia and both are not identical. There is a significant difference between knowledge about sharia and the law of sharia. Fikh eventually has a different domain to sharia. Sharia is a divine universal teaching for human benefit. Sharia in that meaning is non-discriminative upon certain groups or individual.<br /><a href="http://islamlib.com/en/page.php?page=article&id=543">Religious Figures and Political Choice</a> By: Saiful Amien Sholihin<br />Approaching the 2004 elections, many articles have criticized the validity of ulema’s (Muslim scholar) and kiai’s involvement in political practices within political parties. Some have argued that kiai (religious leaders) should concentrate only on religious and social fields. <br /><a href="http://www.wsfi.net/Documents/WHAT%20IS%20THE%20KORAN%20BY%20TOBY%20LESTER.HTM">The What is the Koran</a> by Toby Lester<br />Discusses the controversial attempts to use the methods of historical criticism in the context of the Koran.<br /><a href="http://www-personal.engin.umich.edu/~osiddiqu/longer_essay.doc">The ‘Ulama’: status and function</a> by Zouhair Ghazzal<br /><a href="http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/ABewley/maun.html">Surat al-Ma'un </a> [Tafsir of al-Ma'un taken from a number of traditional sources]<br /><a href="http://etd1.library.duq.edu/theses/available/etd-10202003-151442/unrestricted/thesis.pdf">Changes in Islamic Hermeneutics and Social Evolution: A Comparative Study of Turkey and Algeria</a> by Sadik Kirazli<br /><a href="http://webpages.marshall.edu/~laher1/firaq.html">Early Differences and Sects in Islam Adapted largely from Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq (The Difference between the Sects)</a> by Abu Tahir `Abd al-Qahir al-Baghdadi<br /><a href="http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/pillars/prophets/sinlessnessofprophets.html">The Sinlessness of the Prophets in Light of the Qur'an</a> by R. Azzam<br /><a href="http://courses.washington.edu/laws/ahmed/papers/caliphate.pdf">Transformed Politics</a> By Ahmed E. Souaiaia<br /><a href="http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/muslim/043.smt.html">The Book of Commentary (Kitab Al-Tafsir)</a><br /><a href="http://web.utk.edu/~warda/bin_ladin_and_quran.htm">Al-Qaida and al-Qur’an: The “Tafsir” of Usamah bin Ladin</a> by © Rosalind Gwynne<br /><a href="http://webpages.marshall.edu/~laher1/tashabbuh.html">Avoiding Imitation of the Kuffar</a> Based largely on Shaykh Ahmad al-Ghumari's "al-Istinfar li-ghazw al-tashabbuh bi l-kuffaar"<br /><a href="http://www.arts.cornell.edu/prh3/447/texts/Sulami.html">A Translation of Extracts from the Kitab al-Jihad of 'Ali ibn Tahir Al-Sulami (d. 1106)</a> by Niall Christie<br /><a href="http://hir.harvard.edu/articles/index.html?id=1189&page=1">Resisting Modernity The Backlash Against Secularism</a> By Karen Armstrong<br /><a href="http://www.du.edu/gsis/hrhw/volumes/2003/wessner-2003.pdf">Addressing Fundamentalism by Legal and Spiritual Means</a> By Dan Wessner<br /><a href="http://www.sla.purdue.edu/academic/idis/jewish-studies/cov&r/papers/kenny2.pdf">Islam: “Authentic” or “Fanatical”</a> by Joseph Kenny, O.P.<br /><br /><a name="philosophy"><strong>Islamic Philosophy</strong></a><br />______________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/jip/jip.htm">The Journal of Islamic Philosophy</a><br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/journal/default.htm">Islamic Philosophy Online</a><br /><a href="http://www.yespakistan.com/iqbal/reconstruction/">The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam</a> by Dr. Muhammad Iqbal <br /><a href="http://jaihoon.com/iqbal/iqbessays.htm">Essays by Iqbal</a> by Dr. Muhammad Iqbal<br /><a href="http://www.al-islam.org/historyofmuslimphilosophy/">A History of Muslim Philosophy</a> Edited and Introduced by M.M Sharif<br /><a href="http://www.al-islam.org/links.asp?CatId=138">Shi'i Philosophy Texts</a><br /><a href="http://www.csulb.edu/~dsteiger/maimonides.htm">The influence of Islamic Philosophy on Maimonides's Thought</a> by Diana Steigerwald<br /><a href="http://www.iis.ac.uk/learning/life_long_learning/islamic_ethics/islamic_ethics.htm">Islamic Ethics</a> by Azim Nanji<br /><a href="http://www.unc.edu/~kurzman/LiberalIslamLinks.htm">LIBERAL ISLAM WEB SITES</a> Collected by Charles Kurzman <br /><br /><a name="ideas"><strong>History of Ideas</strong></a><br />_______________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://www.yesselman.com/ttpelws1.htm">Tractatus Theologico-politicus</a> by Benedict de Spinoza (1632 - 1677) <br /><a href="http://www.leaderu.com/cyber/books/pensees/pensees-SECTION-4.html">OF THE MEANS OF BELIEF</a> by Blaise Pascal <br /><a href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1778lessing-education.html">The Education of The Human Race (1778)</a> by Gotthold Lessing <br /><a href="http://www3.baylor.edu/BIC/WCIII/Essays/reasonableness.html">The Reasonableness of Christianity</a> by John Locke(1743-1826) <br /><a href="http://www.infomotions.com/etexts/philosophy/1700-1799/hume-natural-730.txt">THE NATURAL HISTORY OF RELIGION</a> by David Hume <br /><a href="http://www.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Philosophy/Kant/rel/">Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone</a> by Immanuel Kant <br /><a href="http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/strauss/">THE LIFE OF JESUS CRITICALLY EXAMINED</a> by DAVID FRIEDRICH STRAUSS <br /><a href="http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hegel/">Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel</a> (see the entry on Absolute Spirit) <br /><a href="http://listserv.cddc.vt.edu/marxists/www.marxists.org/reference/archive/feuerbach/works/essence/index.html">The Essence of Christianity</a> by Ludwig Feuerbach <br /><a href="http://www.geocities.com/thenietzschechannel/onthe3.htm#3e1">"The Meaning of Ascetic Ideals," from <em>The Geneaolgy of Morals</em></a> by Friedrich Nietzche <br /><a name="links"><strong>Links</strong> </a><br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.digitalnpq.org/archive/2002_winter/index.html">Islam in the 21st Century</a> Links by New Perspectives Quarterly<br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://islamlib.com/en/page.php">Liberal Islam Network</a><br /><br /><a name="special"><strong>Special Topics</strong></a><br />_____________________________________________________<br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://64.233.179.104/search?q=cache:yM6tNPmzGA8J:www.brandeis.edu/projects/fse/Pages/islamandslavery.html+islam+and+slavery&hl=en">Islam and Slavery</a><br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/med/lewis1.html">Race and Slavery in the Middle East</a> by Bernard Lewis. Oxford Univ Press 1994<br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.chronicle.duke.edu/vnews/display.v/ART/2003/02/05/3e412ca979dd0">Column: Free speech, slavery and Islam</a> by Bala Ambati (Sweep of Daylight)<br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.unh.edu/msa/iiie19.htm">COMPARISON BETWEEN ISLAM AND FARRAKHANISM</a><br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.fiu.edu/~yaf/liberalsandslavery.html">Where Are The Liberals? In the fight against slavery in Africa, they seem to have disappeared.</a> By Charles Jacobs<br /><br /><a name="xtian"><strong>Christian Fundamentalism</strong> </a><br />__________________________________________________________<br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.wfu.edu:/~matthetl/perspectives/twentyone.html">Lecture: Fundamentalism</a><br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.wfu.edu:/~matthetl/perspectives/twentyone.html">FUNDAMENTALISM</a> By R. Scott Appleby and Martin E. Marty<br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.earlham.edu/~pols/17Fall97/middleeast/christian.htm">Christian Zionism</a><br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.sullivan-county.com/nf0/fundienazis/royal_race.htm">The Royal Race of the Redeemed? Christian Nazism Exposed</a> by Lewis Loflin<br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.hirr.hartsem.edu/ency/fundamentals.htm">Encyclopedia of Religion <br />and Society: FUNDAMENTALISM </a><br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=153">How the Fundamentalists Learned to Thrive</a> by William Martin<br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.wfu.edu/~matthetl/perspectives/thirty.html">Lecture: The Religious Right and the Christian Coalition</a> by William Martin<br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.nhc.rtp.nc.us/tserve/twenty/tkeyinfo/fundam.htm">The Rise of Fundamentalism</a> by Grant Wacker<br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.theologicalstudies.org.uk/theology_dominion.html">Bibliography: Dominion Theology / Theonomy / Christian Resonstruction</a><br /><br /><a name="colonial"><strong>Background to Mideast Colonialism</strong> </a><br />____________________________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/FH18Ak02.html">Geopolitics in Iraq an old game</a> By Henry C K Liu [A series of articles. Be sure to click the link for the next installment in the series.]<br /><br /><a name="emerson"><strong>Emerson</strong> </a><br />_________________________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://www.vcu.edu/engweb/transcendentalism/authors/emerson/essays/dsahyp.html">"Divinity School Address" </a>by Ralph Waldo Emerson <br /><a href="http://www.vcu.edu/engweb/transcendentalism/authors/emerson/essays/lordsupper.html">"The Lord's Supper"</a> by Ralph Waldo Emerson <br /><a href="http://www.viterbo.edu/personalpages/faculty/GSmith/EmersonandReligion.htm">Emerson and Religion</a> BY David M. Robinson <br /><a href="http://jac.gsu.edu/jac/16.1/Articles/2.htm">Emerson and the Death of Pathos</a> BY W. Ross Winterowd <br /><a href="http://www.ohiou.edu/oupress/mikicsintro.pdf">Emerson and Nietzsche</a> <br /><a href="http://www.vcu.edu/engweb/transcendentalism/roots/legacy/19trans.html">Legacy of Transcendentalism: Religion and Philosophy; Heaven on Earth: The Legacy of 19th Century Transcendentalism as an Ecumenical Philosophy of Nature</a> by Meg Brulatour<br /><a href="http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap4/emerson.html">PAL: Perspectives in American Literature A Research and Reference Guide - An Ongoing Project</a> by © Paul P. Reuben <br /><a href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/emerson/">Ralph Waldo Emerson</a> <br /><a href="http://emersonuu.org/sermons/emerson_and_transcendentalism.pdf">Emerson and Transcendentalism</a> <br /><a href="http://www.infinityfoundation.com/mandala/i_es/i_es_gordo_emerson.htm">Emerson's Earliest Interest In India</a>by Robert C. Gordon, PhD <br /><a href="http://www.hinduismtoday.com/archives/1990/01/1990-01-04.shtml">Emerson's Enduring Dialog With Dharma </a><br /><br /><a name="dialog"><strong>Inter-religious Dialogue</strong> </a><br />_______________________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://moses.creighton.edu/JRS/2003/2003-11.html">Advocating for the Devil: Hearing Al-Qaeda's Case Against the United States</a> by James S. Spiegel<br /><a href="http://moses.creighton.edu/JRS/2003/2003-9.html">Religion in the American Public Square: An Islamic Perspective</a> by Ismail Royer<br /><a href="http://www.algonet.se/~pmanzoor/Hans-Kung.htm">HUBRIS AND HUMILITY</a> Christian Perplexity at the Pluralism of Faith<br /><a href="http://www.lccs.edu/~jsennett/Hick%20the%20Inclusivist.htm">Hick the Inclusivist: Religious Pluralism as Unstable Middle Ground</a><br /><a href="http://www.ctsfw.edu/library/files/pb/956">Religious Pluralism and Knowledge of the True God: Fraternal Reflection and Discussion</a> The Faculty of Concordia Theological Seminary<br /><a href="http://fletcher.tufts.edu/faculty/gopin/pdf/ETHICAL%20PLURALISM.pdf">RELIGIOUS ETHICAL PLURALISM</a> by Marc Gopin<br /><a href="http://spot.colorado.edu/~harrisov/ramt/ramt.htm">Religion and Modern Thought</a> Module leader: Dr Victoria S. Harrison<br /><br /><a name="kierkegaard"><strong>Soren Kierkegaard</strong> </a><br />____________________________________________________________<br /><emphasis>Kierkegaard and the Present Age</emphasis><br /><a href="http://itw.sewanee.edu/philosophy/Capstone/2000/stevens.html">Nietzsche's Criticism of the Herd Mentality and Kierkegaard's Individual</a> by Danielle Stevens<br /><a href="http://www.cas.ucf.edu/philosophy/fpr/journals/volume3/issue2/kirkconnell6.pdf">Earnestness or Estheticism: Post 9/11 Reflections on Kierkegaard’s Two Views of Death</a> by W. Glenn Kirkconnell <br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kierkegaard">Kierkegaard on the Internet: Anonymity vrs. Commitment in the Present Age</a> by Hubert L. Dreyfus<br /><a href="http://www.stolaf.edu/collections/kierkegaard/newsletter/issue46/46003.htm">KIERKEGAARD’S ILLUSION OF CHRISTENDOM AND ATTACK ON CHRISTENDOM</a> By J. L. Craft<br /><a href="http://www.cs.kyoto-wu.ac.jp/~eguchi/papers/luen.pdf">Kierkegaard’s media critic in the age of reflection</a> By EGUCHI Satoshi Kyoto Women’s University, Japan <br /><a href="http://www.stolaf.edu/collections/kierkegaard/newsletter/issue44/44004.htm">Mark Dooley, The Politics of Exodus: Kierkegaard's Ethics of Responsibility</a> reviewed by George Pattison<br /><a href="http://www.wabashcenter.wabash.edu/Internet/covr95c.htm">"THE CROWD IS UNTRUTH": A COMPARISON OF KIERKEGAARD AND GIRARD</a> By Charles K. Bellinger <br /><a href="http://libnt2.lib.tcu.edu/staff/bellinger/stolaf.htm">Toward a Kierkegaardian Understanding of Hitler, Stalin, and the Cold War</a> By Charles K. Bellinger<br /><a href="http://www.publications.villanova.edu/Concept/2004/Kierkegaard%20and%20Feminism.htm">"Kierkegaard and Feminism: A Paradoxical Friendship</a> By Dera Sipe<br /><a href="http://jwf1776.tripod.com/robs_web_site/Subjectivity_and_Resistance_to_Capitalist_Legitimization.htm">Subjectivity and Resistance to Capitalist Legitimization</a> <br /><a href="http://articles.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1252/is_9_129/ai_86140148">Kierkegaard, Religion, and the Nineteenth Century Crisis of Culture</a> by George Pattison (sample chapter from his book of the same name)<br /><br /><emphasis>Kierkegaard and Psychology</emphasis><br /><a href="http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/Anth/AnthAmil.htm">Understanding Human Nature: Examples from Philosophy and the Arts</a> By María G. Amilburu <br /><a href="http://www.bib.uab.es/pub/enrahonar/0211402Xn29p109.pdf">Kierkegaard the Pathologist</a> By Alastair Hannay (requires Acrobat Reader 6.0) <br /><a href="http://www.bib.uab.es/pub/enrahonar/0211402Xn29p91.pdf">Kierkegaard and the Lover</a> By M. Jamie Ferreira (requires Acrobat Reader 6.0) <br /><a href="http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/Reli/ReliWenn.htm">The Role of Love in the Thought of Kant and Kierkegaard</a> By Daryl J. Wennemann<br /><a href="http://libnt2.lib.tcu.edu/staff/bellinger/sk-copernicus.htm">Kierkegaard: Copernicus of the Spirit</a> By Charles K. Bellinger <br /><br /><a name="ebadi"><strong>Shirin Ebadi</strong></a><br />______________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-ebadi19jan19,0,5662866.story?coll=la-news-comment-opinions">Defusing Iran with democracy - Los Angeles Times</a> By Shirin Ebadi and Muhammad Sahimi<br /><a href="http://www.iranianchildren.org/ebadi/index.php?page=articles">Some articles by Shirin Ebadi</a><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirin_Ebadi">Shirin Ebadi at Wikipedia Online Encyclopedia</a><br /><a href="http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/taheri200310170919.asp">Celebrating Shirin Ebadi</a> By Amir Taheri<br /><a href="http://service.spiegel.de/cache/international/0,1518,434042,00.html">Interview with Iranian Activist Shirin Ebadi</a><br /><a href="http://www.csmonitor.com/durable/1999/10/15/p1s4.htm">A tough place to be a woman with a cause</a><br /><a href="http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/SIGNS/journal/issues/v27n4/270407/270407.html">Islamic Feminism and Its Discontents: Toward a Resolution of the Debate </a> by Valentine M. Moghadam<br /><a href="http://www.badjens.com/ebadi.html">Excerpts from the book, Women's Rights in the Laws of the Islamic Republic of Iran</a> by Shirin Ebadi (Published in Iran in 2002) Chapter 5 - Cultural Policies Towards Women<br /><br /><a name="cupitt"><strong>Don Cupitt</strong> </a><br />______________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://www.mala.bc.ca/~soules/media301/habermas.htm"> Lecture: "A New Method of Religious Enquiry"</a> by Don Cupitt<br /><a href="http://www.faithnet.org.uk/Articles/don_cupitt_outsidelessness.htm">A Critical Introduction to the Implications of ‘Outsidelessness’ in Don Cupitt’s Christian Humanism</a><br /><a href="http://webpages.ursinus.edu/rrichter/essay13.html">RELIGIOUS LIFE AFTER GOD'S DEATH</a> A Review of Don Cupitt's <i>After God: The Future of Religion</i><br /><a href="http://www.doncupitt.com/doncupitt.html">Don Cupitt Website</a><br /><br /><a name="public"><strong>The Public</strong> </a><br />______________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://www.mala.bc.ca/~soules/media301/habermas.htm">Jürgen Habermas and the Public Sphere</a><br /><a href="http://www.gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/kellner/papers/habermas.htm">Habermas, the Public Sphere, and Democracy: A Critical Intervention</a><br /><a href="http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2220/is_2_46/ai_n9510589">Parsing Habermas's "bourgeois public sphere"</a> by Michael McKeon<br /><a href="http://www.asc.upenn.edu/usr/chunter/public_sphere.html">The Internet and the Public Sphere: Revitalization or Decay?</a> by Christopher D. Hunter<br /><a href="http://www.borderlandsejournal.adelaide.edu.au/vol4no1_2005/neilsonmitropoulos_polemos.htm">Polemos, Universitas</a> by Brett Neilson & Angela Mitropoulos<br /><a href="http://www.hnet.uci.edu/mposter/writings/democ.html">CyberDemocracy: Internet and the Public Sphere</a> by Mark Poster<br /><a href="http://www.ieor.berkeley.edu/~goldberg/lecs/kierkegaard.html">Kierkegaard on the Information Highway</a> by Hubert L. Dreyfus<br /><a href="http://car.owu.edu/Vol.%209%20No.%201.htm">TOWARDS AN EXISTENTIAL POLITICS: A Conversation with Martin Matustik</a><br /><br /><a name="voices"><strong>Feminine Voices</strong></a><br />__________________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://www.law.nyu.edu/faculty/workshop/spring2004/mir_hosseini.pdf">ISLAMIC LAW, SECULARISM AND FEMINISM: A NEW RELATIONSHIP </a> Reviwed by Ziba Mir-Hosseini<br /><a href="http://www.ithaca.edu/faculty/abarlas/papers/20040201_antinomies.pdf"><em>Feminism and Islamic Fundamentalism: the Limits of Postmodern Analysis,</em> by Haideh Moghissi</a> Reviwed by Asma Barlas<br /><a href="http://www.iran-bulletin.org/women/women.html">Iran Bulletin: Links to Articles on Women in Islam</a><br /><a href="http://rawa.fancymarketing.net/index.html">Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan (RAWA)</a> links to other sites<br /><a href="http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/soc/groups/ccsa/gheytanchi.htm">Post-revolutionary Iran: Islamic Feminism and the crisis of civil society</a> by Elham Gheytanchi<br /><a href="http://www.jannah.org/sisters/feminism.html">ISLAMIC TRADITIONS AND THE FEMINIST MOVEMENT: CONFRONTATION OR COOPERATION?</a> by Dr. Lois Lamya' al Faruqi<br /><a href="http://www.arches.uga.edu/~godlas/Islamwomen.html">Feminism and Islam: Legal and Literary Perspectives -- Introduction</a> by Mai Yamani<br /><a href="http://64.233.167.104/search?q=cache:LfxkbCVcA8EJ:fletcher.tufts.edu/al_nakhlah/2004pdf/malihamasood.pdf+feminism+and+islam+site:edu&hl=en">At the Crossroads of Islamic Feminism: Negotiating the gender politics of identity </a> By Maliha Masood<br /><a href="http://libarts.wsu.edu/asia/wmnislam.html">WEB RESOURCES ON WOMEN IN ISLAM</a> COMPILED BY JANET FRENCH<br /><a href="http://www.arches.uga.edu/~godlas/Islamwomen.html">Women in Islam: Muslim Women</a> links to other sites<br /><a href="http://fred.ccsu.edu:8000/archive/00000056/01/etd-2003-11.pdf">Islamic Feminism vs. Western Feminism: Analyzing a Conceptual Conflict</a> by Jennifer S. Kingan<br /><a href="http://csf.colorado.edu/mail/femisa/feb96/0063.html">Islam and feminism: Problems with Ahmed</a> an email exchange<br /><a href="http://www.listproc.bucknell.edu/archives/femecon-l/199908/msg00153.html">Comment on Barbara Bergmann's and Katha Pollitt's attack on Leila Ahmed (post 1)</a> an email exchange<br /><a href="http://www-rcf.usc.edu/~elguindi/NobelOpEd.htm">Nobel Choice Sends Message to American Feminists</a> Commentary, Fadwa El Guindi,<br />Pacific News Service, Oct 22, 2003<br /><a href="http://www.cddc.vt.edu/feminism/islam.html">Islam and Feminism: Bibliography</a><br /><a href="http://uwacadweb.uwyo.edu/mkamp/UwyoW&I/W&IBib.htm">Bibliography: Women and Islam</a><br /><a href="http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/humanrelations/womeninislam/">Women in Islam</a><br /><strong>NEW </strong><a href="http://www.jannah.org/sisters/">Resources for and about Muslim Women</a><br /><a href="http://globetrotter.berkeley.edu/GlobalGender/islam.sea.ann.html">Islam and Gender in the Malay World</a> compiled by Julie Shackford-Bradley<br /><a href="http://www.law.com/jsp/statearchive.jsp?type=Article&oldid=ZZZCNQE4JUC">Annotating Islam</a> by Douglas McCollam<br /><br /><a name="other"><strong>Other Voices</strong> </a><br />_________________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://libnt2.lib.tcu.edu/staff/bellinger/essays/muslim-conf.htm">Theories on the Psychology of Violence: An Address to the Association of Muslim Social Scientists</a> by Charles K. Bellinger<br /><a href="http://www.opendemocracy.net/debates/article-5-57-1996.jsp">Reinventing Islam in Europe: a profile of Tariq Ramadan</a> by Rosemary Bechler<br /><a href="http://www.opendemocracy.net/debates/article-5-57-2006.jsp">A bridge across fear: an interview with Tariq Ramadan</a> by Rosemary Bechler<br /><a href="http://jac.gsu.edu/jac/14.1/Articles/1.htm">bell hooks and the Politics of Literacy: A Conversation</a> by Gary A. Olson <br /><a href="http://www.cderi.org/web/textos/Martha.htm">Compassion and Terror</a> by Martha Nussbaum <br /><a href="http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~hdreyfus/pdf/HdgerOnArtTechPoli.pdf">Heidegger on the Connection between Nihilism, Art, Technology and Politics</a> by Hubert Dreyfus <br /><a href="http://www.geocities.com/thenietzschechannel/">Friedrich Nietzsche</a> <br /><a href="http://instruct.westvalley.edu/lafave/Fixation_of_Belief.html">The Fixation of Belief</a> by Charles S. Peirce <br /><a href="http://www.religion-online.org/cgi-bin/relsearchd.dll/showbook?item_id=524">The Christian of the Future (full text)</a> by Karl Rahner <br /><a href="http://www3.baylor.edu/American_Jewish/resources/jphil_articles/Levinas-violence.pdf">"Violence and the Vulnerable Face of the Other: The Vision Of Emmanuel Levinas on Moral Evil and Our Responsibility"</a> by Roger Burggraeve <br /><a href="http://www3.baylor.edu/American_Jewish/resources/jphil_articles/levinas-agape.pdf">"Levinas's Agapeistic Metaphysics of Morals"</a> by John J. Davenport <br /><a href="http://social.chass.ncsu.edu/wyrick/debclass/derrel.htm">"--Jacques Derrida, from Religion; "Faith and Knowledge; The Two Sources of 'Religion at the Limits of Reason Alone""</a> by Jacques Derrida <br /><a href="http://www.hydra.umn.edu/derrida/foi2.html">"Faith and Knowledge: Two sources of 'religion' within the limit of Pure Reason"</a> by Jacques Derrida <br /><a href="http://www.hydra.umn.edu/derrida/foi2.html">"PIETY, POWER, AND BARE LIFE: WHAT IN THE WORLD IS GOING ON IN THE NAME OF RELIGION?"</a> by CLAYTON CROCKETT <br /><a href="http://www.jcrt.org/archives/04.3/">"WITHOUT SOVEREIGNTY, WITHOUT BEING: UNCONDITIONALITY, THE COMING GOD AND DERRIDA’S DEMOCRACY TO COME"</a> by JOHN D. CAPUTO <br /><a href="http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2002/may8/derrida-58.html">"Derrida, panelists see growth in religion's political and social influence "</a> BY JOHN SANFORD <br /><a href="http://www.journals.cambridge.org/bin/bladerunner?REQUNIQ=1087833357&amp;REQSESS=4308856&amp;118200REQEVENT=&amp;REQINT1=201565&amp;REQAUTH=0">"Religious Tolerance—The Pacemaker for Cultural Rights*"</a> BY JÜRGEN HABERMAS <br /><a href="http://www.bard.edu/hrp/zizektranscript.htm">"Human Rights and Its Discontents"</a> A lecture by Slavoj Zizek <br /><a href="http://www.spiked-online.com/Articles/00000002D2C4.htm">"'The one measure of true love is: you can insult the other'"</a> by Sabine Reul and Thomas Deichmann (an interview with Slavoj Zizek) <br /><a href="http://www.bitsonline.net/eqbal/articles_by_eqbal.asp?id=8">Eqbal Ahmed</a> <br /><a href="http://www.as.ysu.edu/~islamst/IN3-3.pdf">Islam on Human Nature and the Universe: A Comparison with Buddhism, Christianity, and Zoroastrianism</a> by Mustansir Mir <br /><a href="http://www.philocrites.com/essays/dewey.html">The religious availability of John Dewey's God</a> by Copyright © 1997 by Christopher L. Walton <br /><a href="http://newark.rutgers.edu/~zahavy/apocalyptic.html">Apocalyptic Radicalism and Religion</a> by Tzvee Zahavy (c) 1990 <br /><a href="http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/066649.html">Philosophy in a Time of Terror Dialogues with Jürgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida</a> by Giovanna Borradori <br /><br /><a name="academic"><strong>Academic Studies</strong> </a><br />___________________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://www.jcrt.org/archives/05.2/index.html">RADICAL ISLAM AND THE SPECTER OF THE DESERT – OTHERWISE, THE CALL OF THEORY</a> by CARL RASCHKE<br /><a href="http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/481921.html">CAPITALISM AND RELIGION: A review of Philip Goodchild, <em>Capitalism and Religion: The Price of Piety</em></a> by LARS IYER<br /><a href="http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/481921.html">"The Rhetoric of Bush and bin Laden"--an excerpt from <em>Holy Terrors: Thinking About Religion after September 11</em></a> by Bruce Lincoln <br /><a href="http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/021254.html">An excerpt from the Introduction by R. Scott Appleby to <em>Spokesmen for the Despised: Fundamentalist Leaders of the Middle East</em></a> edited by R. Scott <br /><br /><a name="journals"><strong>Journals</strong> </a><br />_______________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://muslimphilosophy.com/jip/jip.htm"> The Journal of Islamic Philosophy</a> <br /><a href="http://www.logosjournal.com/issue3.2.htm">Logos Online: a journal of modern society & culture</a> <br /><a href="http://www.jcrt.org/">Journal for Cultural and Religious Theory</a> <br /><a href="http://www.geocities.com/johnnymcdowell/Links.html/">Links to other journals</a><br /><br /><a name="political"><strong>Political</strong></a><br />________________________________________________________<br /><a href="http://www.geocities.com/johnnymcdowell/Links.html/">The Iraq War: Where is The True Danger?</a> by Slavoj Zizek<br /><a href="http://www.drexel.edu/doj/artsands/interview_ruben_hooks.asp">An Interview with Bell Hooks</a><br /><a href="http://www.spiked-online.com/Articles/00000006D901.htm">'I have not jumped off the modernity boat' </a> An interview with Francis Fukuyama, by Helene Guldberg<br /><br />__________________________________________________________<br /><br /><strong>| <a href="#historical">Historical Background </a>| <a href="#ideas">History of Ideas</a> | <a href="#emerson">Emerson</a> | <a href="#kierkegaard">Kierkegaard</a> | <a href="#weil">Weil</a> | <a href="#qutb">Qutb</a> | <a href="#public">The Public</a> | <a href="#voices">Feminine Voices</a> | <a href="#other">Other Voices</a> | <a href="#academic">Academic</a> | <a href="#journals">Journals</a> | </strong><br /><br /><em>Subsections</em><br /><br /><strong>| <a href="#ancient">Ancient [History] </a>| <a href="#european">European </a>| <a href="#us">The United States</a>| <a href="#islam">Islam</a> | <a href="#tafsir">Koranic Exegesis (tafsir)</a> | <a href="#philosophy">Islamic Philosophy</a> | <a href="#xtian">Christian Fundamentalism</a> | <a href="#dialog">Interfaith Dialogue</a> | <a href="#links">Links</a> | <a href="#special">Special Topics</a> | <a href="#political">Political</a> | </strong><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7349173-108751973174772727?l=religionafter911.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Faustus and FrankenKittynoreply@blogger.com2